NONINVASIVE IMAGING
The 2008 American Society of Echocardiography consensus statement on contrast agents in echocardiography reviewed safety considerations and clinical applications for contrast echocardiography including use in assessment of left ventricular structure and function.Three multicenter studies evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography for detection of coronary artery disease defined as ≥ 50 percent stenosis on quantitative invasive coronary angiography . For patient-based analysis, sensitivity varied from 95 to 85 percent and specificity varied from 90 to 64 percent. .Risk stratification by SPECT radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging and renal function was evaluated in 1652 patients . Both chronic kidney disease and abnormal test result (scar or ischemia) were independent predictors of cardiac death after accounting for risk factors, left ventricular dysfunction, pharmacological stress, and symptom status
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